C-FER TECHNOLOGIES

8 10, 2020

Enhanced Geothermal Systems Promise and Challenges
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Enhanced Geothermal Systems Promise and Challenges

Limitations of Conventional Geothermal Resources Geothermal energy is a proven “green” energy technology in areas where high temperature hydrothermal sources exist. A hydrothermal source contains three key parameters: heat, a natural water source, and; sufficient permeability. These conditions exist primarily at tectonic plate boundaries and are an important resource for large industrial power and direct use applications. There are currently hydrothermal power plants operating in over 30 countries. These plants are mainly along the “Pacific Ring of Fire." The largest capacity existing in: United States, Indonesia, Philippines, and; New Zealand. Iceland and Turkey also have significant hydrothermal developments. However, [...]

19 05, 2020

Shear – When the Earth Moves
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Shear – When the Earth Moves

Exploring Well Operations and Reservoir Processes Affecting Shear Movement along fault zones and slip planes may cause significant shear deformations of wellbores that appear as lateral displacement of the pipe. These often form an “S” shape with two distinct bends in opposite directions. Faults may move due to: Ongoing tectonic activity; Changes in the in-situ stresses caused by pore pressure depletion during production operations; and Pore pressure increases that can occur due to well drilling, stimulation or disposal of produced water. The width of the fault zone can vary from less than a metre to several tens [...]

29 04, 2020

Geothermal Anywhere
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Geothermal Anywhere

Making Geothermal a Viable Energy Source Around the World Geothermal energy is a proven “green” energy technology in areas of the world where high temperature hydrothermal sources are close to the earth’s surface, such as Iceland, New Zealand and California. These resources, however, are scarce and rarely located near centres of major power consumption, limiting their impact on the global power generation need. Some attempts have been made to develop Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) where there are no natural high temperature sources near surface. These systems are developed by drilling a pair of deep wells (typically more than 5 [...]

22 02, 2020

What’s That Tight Spot: Multi-finger Caliper Deformation Analysis
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What’s That Tight Spot: Multi-finger Caliper Deformation Analysis

On October 23, 2019, C-FER held the webinar, "What's that Tight Spot: Multi-finger Caliper Deformation Analysis." During the webinar, we discussed: Deformations – The “Tight Spot” – what is the “Tight Spot,” Causes and Why diagnosis is important Tubular Deformations: Varieties and Root Causes Using Multi-Finger Caliper Data to Diagnose and Quantify Deformations Deformation Case Histories & Simulations This webinar is intended for well integrity, completion and production engineers in oil and gas and cavern storage companies, the staff of logging service companies, and related equipment manufacturers. Learn More About Well Xplore https://vimeo.com/386621641 [...]

22 02, 2020

Well Deformation Mechanisms
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Well Deformation Mechanisms

Well casing is subjected to a wide variety of loading mechanisms that can cause temporary or permanent deformations. These deformations can be due to geological processes or well operations. They can impair or prevent access to the full depth of the well or compromise the pressure integrity. They can occur instantaneously or progress over many years. Many historical well workover reports have reported casing deformations as “casing collapse” when a tool string cannot pass by a “tight” interval. In fact, collapse is not a common deformation mode, with shear and buckling deformations being much more likely modes of well [...]

22 02, 2020

Validating Designs of a Compressed Natural Gas Carrier
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Validating Designs of a Compressed Natural Gas Carrier

Design Validation for the Regulatory Approval of a System for CNG Transportation by Ship The CNG Optimum System, a compressed natural gas (CNG) containment carrier developed by Global Energy Ventures Ltd. (GEV), required approval from the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS) prior to commercial construction. This program was part of a larger project, which included the design of the ship on which the CNG Optimum System would be installed. As part of the CNG Optimum System approval process, testing was required to validate the fatigue resistance and burst capacity, as per the table below. Two additional tests [...]

22 02, 2020

Special Environments Laboratory
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Special Environments Laboratory

Sour Gas, What is it Really Doing to Your Equipment? C-FER Technologies's Special Environments Laboratory (SEL) is one of the world's largest and most comprehensive containment test facilities. This unique facility is utilized for tests that simulate corrosive, toxic or explosive environments. The primary use of the SEL is for sour testing with combinations of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2) and corrosive liquids; often following NACE testing fluid specifications. A Unique Facility Housing Two Containment Chambers Designed for Full-scale Testing in Toxic and Corrosive Environments To safely conduct these tests, C-FER has rigorous safety procedures in [...]

13 01, 2020

Qualifying Thermal/Structural Performance of Vacuum Insulated Tubulars
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Qualifying Thermal/Structural Performance of Vacuum Insulated Tubulars

Optimizing the Use of Vacuum Insulated Tubulars (VIT) Certain oilfields and recovery methods are sensitive to thermal gradients between the formation and injected/produced fluids. Examples include: Permafrost zones (i.e. thaw-induced subsidence); Cyclic steam simulation and SAGD Operations (i.e. injected steam quality); Deepwater completions (i.e. to prevent hydrates); and Geothermal applications. To reduce unwanted heat transfer, operators may install Vacuum Insulated Tubulars (VIT). However, VIT technology poses several challenges that are not present in standard Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG). These include: A lack of standardized test methods to verify thermal effectiveness; Vacuum longevity (i.e. due to hydrogen permeation or [...]

15 10, 2018

High Temperature ESPs for Geothermal Production: The Ideal Pump
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High Temperature ESPs for Geothermal Production: The Ideal Pump

Abstract The need for a robust pumping system capable of operating in the challenging conditions presented in geothermal production wells has been identified as a critical piece of equipment for the advancement of geothermal energy utilization. In typical geothermal operations, establishing and maintaining a high production rate at high temperatures is critical to the economic viability of the project. Electrical Submersible Pumps (ESPs) have significant advantages over other commonly used pumping systems in geothermal operations, and have the potential to enhance the production of geothermal wells. ESP systems are currently available that are capable of handling high operating temperatures;however, [...]